Yogurt May Prevent Periodontal, Gum Disease

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Dr. Yoshihiro Shimazaki and colleagues found that consuming yogurt and lactic acid drinks was significantly associated with better periodontal health.”But, milk and cheese were not,” Shimazaki said.

Regularly eating yogurt and other foods with lactic acid may be good for your mouth health.

Periodontal disease, or gum disease is a chronic bacterial condition associated with receding gums and tooth loss in adults. People usually don’t show signs of gum disease until they are in their 30s or 40s. Men are more likely to have periodontal disease than women. Although teenagers rarely develop periodontitis, they can develop gingivitis, the milder form of gum disease. Most commonly, gum disease develops when plaque is allowed to build up along and under the gum line.

Outside of regular brushing and flossing, effective measures to allay gum disease are limited, Shimazaki, of Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, and colleagues note in the Journal of Periodontology.

Previous research identified a lower occurrence of gum disease among people who eat high amounts of dairy products, but did not identify which dairy products were most beneficial, the researchers report.

Shimazaki’s team assessed the severity of periodontal disease in 942 men and women, aged 40 to 79 years, and their intake of milk, cheese, and lactic acid foods.

They found that people with generalized (more advanced) periodontal disease had a lower intake of lactic acid foods than people with localized (less advanced) periodontal disease.

Compared with individuals reporting no lactic acid food intake, those eating 55 grams or more of yogurt or lactic acid drinks a day had significantly fewer markers of severe periodontal disease. (That’s less than half an average 6-ounce carton of yogurt.) The investigators made allowances for factors such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol intake, frequency of tooth brushing, blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

“The beneficial effect on periodontal disease might be based on the probiotic effect of lactobacilli found in lactic acid foods,” Shimazaki said. Probiotics are living microorganisms, such as the Lactobacillus bacteria in yogurt that are beneficial to one’s health.

The investigators suggest follow up studies that further analyze the probiotic effect of lactic acid foods by assessing the distribution of lactic acid bacteria in subjects’ mouths based on the lactic acid foods they eat. Future research should also examine whether continuing intake of lactic acid foods alters the progression of periodontal disease.

The main goal of gum disease treatment is to control the dental infection. The number and types of treatment will vary, depending on the extent of the gum disease. Any type of treatment requires that the patient keep up good daily care at home. Additionally, modifying certain behaviors, such as quitting tobacco use, might also be suggested as a way to improve treatment outcome.